The biblical book of Genesis contains a reference to a role precursive to modern butlers. The care of these assets was therefore generally reserved for trusted slaves, although the job could also go to free persons because of heredity-based class lines or the inheritance of trades. Butlers used always to be attired in a special uniform, distinct from the livery of junior servants, but today a butler is more likely to wear a business suit or business casual clothing and appear in uniform only on special occasions.Ī silverman or silver butler has expertise and professional knowledge of the management, secure storage, use and cleaning of all silverware, associated tableware and other paraphernalia for use at military and other special functions.įor butlers in Anglo-Saxon England, see Dish-bearers and butlers in Anglo-Saxon England.įrom ancient through medieval times, alcoholic beverages were chiefly stored first in earthenware vessels, then later in wooden barrels, rather than in glass bottles these containers would have been an important part of a household's possessions. However, there was sometimes a steward who ran the outside estate and financial affairs, rather than just the household, and who was senior to the butler in social status into the 19th century. In the 17th and 18th centuries, the butler gradually became the senior, usually male, member of a household's staff in the very grandest households. In Britain, the butler was originally a middle-ranking member of the staff of a grand household. For centuries, the butler has been the attendant entrusted with the care and serving of wine and other bottled beverages, which in ancient times might have represented a considerable portion of the household's assets and led to the position becoming chief steward of a household. The word "butler" comes from Anglo-Norman buteler, variant form of Old Norman *butelier, corresponding to Old French botellier "officer in charge of the king's wine bottles", derived of boteille "bottle" (Modern French bouteille), itself from Gallo-Romance BUTICULA "bottle". The butler can also be assisted by a head footman or footboy called the under-butler. In the grandest homes or when the employer owns more than one residence, there is sometimes an estate manager of higher rank than the butler. ![]() The precise duties of the employee will vary to some extent in line with the title given, but perhaps, more importantly in line with the requirements of the individual employer. In older houses where the butler is the most senior worker, titles such as majordomo, butler administrator, house manager, manservant, staff manager, chief of staff, staff captain, estate manager, and head of household staff are sometimes given. He can also sometimes function as a chauffeur. The butler, as the senior male servant, has the highest servant status. Traditionally, male servants (such as footmen) were better paid and of higher status than female servants. A butler is usually male and in charge of male servants while a housekeeper is usually a woman and in charge of female servants. ![]() Some also have charge of the entire parlour floor and housekeepers caring for the entire house and its appearance. In great houses, the household is sometimes divided into departments with the butler in charge of the dining room, wine cellar, and pantry. ![]() A butler in the White House Butler's Pantry.Ī butler is a person who works in a house serving and is a domestic worker in a large household.
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![]() The base-building feature includes many diverse facilities, each one having a specific purpose. But first, you must establish a headquarters. Take control of the galaxy in Nova Empireĭo you have what it takes to control the galaxy? How about the universe? You are just one of the million players that have the same dream: to become a universal galactic overlord. For fans of Eve Online, Star Citizen, Star Trek Online.Credit where credit’s due, the graphics team did an impressive job with the visuals. This fantasy game has all the MMO features: character customization, 5-player dungeons, fast-paced action combat, a large collection of mounts and pets, real-time PvP, and guild battles supporting 100 combatants. From an aesthetic point of view, World of Kings looks and feels like the famous MMORPG we all love to hate. If you are yearning for a World of Warcraft mobile game, this is as close as it gets. World of Kings has “borrowed” a design element or two from World of Warcraft. It’s not an easy game but it’s rewarding. Players will need to consider several factors and make important decisions. ![]() Just like the original game, this mobile version offers complex and strategic gameplay. Stellaris: Galaxy Command is not a casual MMO experience. Story-driven quests, player trading, and PvP wars complete the feature list. Players have their own space station that becomes the center of operation for fleet building and exploration missions. Stellaris: Galaxy Command is based on the main Stellaris game, a respectable name in the grand strategy genre. Perfect World Mobile features well-known races such as Winged Elves, Untamed, and Humans. Players are invited to discover the Silent Lands and fight against terrible monsters in the Lighthouse of Souls. It also came up with new mechanics and created a beautiful world that looks stunning on a small screen. Perfect World Games, the developing studio, kept the best features of the original game. What do you do with a 15-year-old MMORPG that has lost some of its popularity over the years? You make it mobile. Perfect World Mobile is a great mobile game for fans of Eastern MMOs. For fans of Perfect World, Blade & Soul, Aion.Other features include players’ item market, tameable mounts, and a transformation system that gives players god-like powers. The game has regular events and adds new content regularly so there’s always something fresh to do. Massive player interaction is achieved with a global server that supports users from all over the world.Ī plethora of diverse activities, from cross-server challenges to PK battlegrounds, keep players entertained. For fans of World of Warcraft, Diablo 3, Guild Wars 2Īrmored God is a mobile fantasy MMORPG with tons of PvE and PvP content. Gel overlay nails are thicker than liquid-based acrylics and require longer curing time. This acrylic overlay is applied using a brush and then cured using ultraviolet (UV) light or a UV lamp.Īcrylic overlays can also be in the form of gel overlays, hard builder gel overlays, or powder. The most common type of acrylic overlay is made from monomer liquid and polymer acrylic powder. For a nail-biter, an acrylic overlay can help cover chips or crack.Īcrylic overlay nail manicure differs in terms of thickness and ingredient.Can be used to add length and shape to short or damaged natural nails.They can strengthen weak nails or protect them from everyday wear and tears. ![]() What are Acrylic Overlays Used For?Īpart from adding extra flair and improving the appearance of your nails, acrylic overlays can be used for other different purposes. You can also freestyle with different shapes, lengths, or aesthetic nail art. It works best for people who want long-lasting results outside of gel nails. So whether you have weak, brittle nails or have trouble growing out your natural nails, an acrylic nail overlay is ideal for you. It is unique because it provides an extra layer of protection to make your nails less prone to breakages or splits. No nail extensions are used.Īdditionally, it can be applied to both long and short nails, making them look glossy and stronger. The mixture is applied to your nails, and when exposed to the air, they harden and create a protective layer over your natural nails. ![]() What are Acrylic Overlay Nails?Īn acrylic overlay nail is an artificial nail made from a mixture of liquid monomer and finely grounded acrylic polymer powder. Wondering what makes these two methods different? Keep reading to find out this way, you can make an informed decision when you next visit a nail salon. Whichever your preference, both are popular methods of lengthening, strengthening nails, and adding luxury to your appearance. It can be applied on your natural nails as an overlay or nail tip extension. Acrylic nails are a great way to elevate your nail’s overall appearance and aesthetic. Do not make a title page for your paper unless specifically requested or the paper is assigned as a group project.Entitle the section Notes (centered, unformatted). If you have any endnotes, include them on a separate page before your Works Cited page.Use italics throughout your essay to indicate the titles of longer works and, only when absolutely necessary, provide emphasis.Always follow your instructor's guidelines.) (Note: Your instructor may ask that you omit the number on your first page. Create a header that numbers all pages consecutively in the upper right-hand corner, one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin.MLA recommends that you use the “Tab” key as opposed to pushing the space bar five times. Indent the first line of each paragraph one half-inch from the left margin.Set the margins of your document to 1 inch on all sides.Leave only one space after periods or other punctuation marks (unless otherwise prompted by your instructor).Whatever font you choose, MLA recommends that the regular and italics type styles contrast enough that they are each distinct from one another. Double-space the text of your paper and use a legible font (e.g.Type your paper on a computer and print it out on standard, white 8.5 x 11-inch paper.Below are some basic guidelines for formatting a paper in MLA Style : General Guidelines The preparation of papers and manuscripts in MLA Style is covered in part four of the MLA Style Manual. See the Additional Resources section of this page for a list of helpful books and sites about using MLA Style. It is also widely available in bookstores, libraries, and at the MLA web site. The MLA Handbook is available in most writing centers and reference libraries. Publishing scholars and graduate students should also consult the MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing (3rd edition). If you are asked to use MLA format, be sure to consult the MLA Handbook (9th edition). Most importantly, the use of MLA style can protect writers from accusations of plagiarism, which is the purposeful or accidental uncredited use of source material produced by other writers. Writers who properly use MLA also build their credibility by demonstrating accountability to their source material. MLA Style also provides writers with a system for referencing their sources through parenthetical citation in their essays and Works Cited pages. MLA Style specifies guidelines for formatting manuscripts and citing research in writing. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Writing Letters of Recommendation for StudentsĬopyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University.Apple Books offers a wide catalog of free and paid books from both famous and lesser-known writers, and you can browse based on genres, price tags, and more. And all of these features are free to use, so you neither have to buy the app nor subscribe to a monthly service. Plus, the app is always updated with the latest design changes introduced in new macOS versions, so it doesn't look out of date.Īpart from reading, the Books app allows readers to highlight passages, add notes, bookmark pages, and more. The synced data only consumes a few kilobytes, so it won't fill up your iCloud storage quota. When I get back home, I can resume reading on macOS right where I stopped on iOS. When I'm reading on the metro, my progress is always uploaded to the cloud and reflected on my Mac. ICloud sync is one of the reasons I really love this app. So even if you're not buying a book from the app itself, you can still use it to view and interact with books you've downloaded from other sources. Formerly called iBooks, this app supports importing PDFs, EPUBs, and other e-book formats. Apple Books is my favorite reading app for Mac. ![]() ![]() ![]() The culmination of Revolution’s 30 years of developing adventure games, Beyond a Steel Sky evolves and redefines the adventure genre. The game characters, driven by advanced AI tech, are willful and motivated: their intelligent responses allow interesting, emergent solutions to puzzles and obstacles. A unique world that will respond to – and be subverted by – the player’s actions. Very much an adventure, the game is set in a dynamic, bounded-sandbox world. As can be expected of a Revolution adventure, the tale is woven with the studio's signature humor, supported by Gibbons' acclaimed artistic style.īeyond a Steel Sky is a hugely ambitious adventure in which intelligent, humorous emergent gameplay drives an edgy narrative. It is a thrilling story of loyalty and redemption set in an eery and terrifying world of AI-driven social controls. But the trail has led you from your community of desert wasteland dwellers, to Union City, one of the last remaining mega-cities in a world ravaged by shattering wars, and political meltdown.įortified and impenetrable, it is a utopia in which people live happily under the surveillance and control of a benign AI. A child has been abducted in a brutal attack. In combination with a unique hacking tool, multiple solutions to puzzles emerge from player choices. An adventure set within a dynamic world, populated by willful characters driven by motivations that the player can subvert. I certainly don't want to spend a lot of time figuring-out how to use an RTOS unless I am sure it will solve the problem and I can implement (port?) the rest of my project without too much fuss. I do recall you extolling the virtues of an RTOS such as ChibiOS in another thread - I may explore that avenue but I'm an old dog that doesn't learn new tricks so fast. Fortunately nobody is standing on one foot and holding their breath for this project Yes, I can make the buffer(s) larger but Teens圓.6 doesn't have enough RAM to bridge hundreds of milliseconds when the SD takes a little time out for housekeeping. At the outset of this project I mistook the benchmarks (~20MB/sec) as sustainable rates (my "bad"). From there I copy to a transfer buffer which I then hand off to SdFat. I am writing to a circular buffer from a fast (per 4-byte sample) IRQ "honed" to run in <1usec. It supports 1.8V modes with SDR104 mode having a bus clock of 208 MHz and a transfer rate of 104 MB/sec. New problems are also possible.Įdit: The new STM32H7 has an entirely new SD controller. Maybe a new series will have old problems fixed. The 400MHz version will soon be available on a Nucleo board for $23 and a 600 MHz may follow. ![]() I plan on trying the new STM32H7 M7 chips soon. ![]() Modern high end SD cards have 512 KiB RUs (Record Units) and 4 MIB AUs (Allocation Units) so the problems only became apparent recently. There are problems with lots of other Cortex M chips. "Erroneous CMD CRC error and CMD Index error may occur on sending new CMD during data transfer" can also be a problem. The key ones that stop me are "Does not support Infinite Block Transfer Mode", "AutoCMD12 and R1b polling problem", "Software can not clear DMA interrupt status bit after read operation". The STM32F7 line, Cortex M7, can reach 7.2 MSPS in Interleaved mode.Į3981 SDHC: ADMA fails when data length in the last descriptor is less or equal to 4 bytesĮ3982 SDHC: ADMA transfer error when the block size is not a multiple of fourĮ4624 SDHC: AutoCMD12 and R1b polling problemĮ3977 SDHC: Does not support Infinite Block Transfer ModeĮ4627 SDHC: Erroneous CMD CRC error and CMD Index error may occur on sending new CMD during dataĮ3984 SDHC: eSDHC misses SDIO interrupt when CINT is disabledĮ3983 SDHC: Problem when ADMA2 last descriptor is LINK or NOPĮ3978 SDHC: Software can not clear DMA interrupt status bit after read operation The STM32 ADC allows a sequence of up to 18 channels to be loaded into the ADC's sequencer. I use two 512 byte buffers and copy them to a FIFO to be written in a lower priority thread. The RTOS itself is just a toolbox that offers you the required tools for creating a realtime system, you can use the tools correctly or in the wrong way.Īnother option is DMA, I used DMA on STM32 with a "circular buffer" STM32 really just uses two buffers and alternates between the two. While efficiency is a positive attribute of an RTOS, efficiency alone does not qualifies an OS as RTOS but it could separate a good RTOS from a not so good one.Īn RTOS is not a magic wand, your system will not be “realtime” just because you are using an RTOS, what matters is your system design. RTOS are often confused with “fast” operating systems. It is the quality of being able to consistently produce the same results under the same conditions. It is the quality of being predictable in the scheduling behavior. The fundamental qualities of an RTOS are: Even with 128KiB clusters, it represents 512MiB.Īn RTOS is an operating system whose internal processes are guaranteed to be compliant with (hard or soft) realtime requirements. The bitmap cache allows 4096 clusters per sector to be allocated without access to the SD. ![]() The bitmap cache buys lots of performance when writes are not on sector boundaries and space has not been pre-allocated. I need to add a separate cache for the bitmap and maybe one for the FAT. My to-do list has a few other high priority items. I think I have an idea how to fix it and it is my highest priority. Thanks for finding the typo in seekCur(), I will fix it today.Ĭhdir() is missing because my first version had a design problem, not just a bug so I deleted it. Had a look through the various headers but could find no mention/method of how to set the current working directory.Īlso I noticed FsFile::seekcur() as opposed to seekCur(), not sure if this is intended or not. It might require specific hardware features that may be available only on some boards.Just been checking this out but something I use which seems to be missing, and without any mention within the source, is chdir(). Note: while the library is supposed to compile correctly on these architectures, ![]() The primary design goals are: Easy to use, Small footprint, Robust. FreeRTOS Real Time Operating System implemented for AVR (Uno, Nano, Leonardo, Mega). ![]() Harding.Īfter the war, Conroy brought Stubby with him to Georgetown University Law Center, where the brave pooch later became the Hoyas' team mascot. presidents Woodrow Wilson, Calvin Coolidge, and Warren G. Stubby came home from the war to a hero's welcome, he marched in parades and was made a lifetime member of the American Legion and YMCA. John Pershing, commanding general of the U. He was also awarded a Gold Hero Dog Medal from the Humane Society, which was presented by Gen. He was taken to a Red Cross field hospital where he was nursed back to health.īy the end of the war, the stray dog from Connecticut was awarded many medals for heroism and bravery. Stubby was wounded by a grenade, taking shrapnel to his chest and legs. For this action, the 102nd commander promoted Stubby to the rank of sergeant. Stubby recognized the intruder and bit and held him until friendly forces arrived. Stubby earned a promotion by capturing a German spy who was mapping the layout of allied trenches. If the men could not move, Stubby stayed with them and barked until helped arrived. He would listen for English cries of help, run to their source and lead the wounded back to safety. The dog was also credited with locating wounded American soldiers between the trenches of opposing armies. He ran through trenches barking and biting soldiers until they donned their gas masks. Stubby used this skill to warn the 102nd during an early morning gas attack when most of the troops were sleeping. He also developed a keen sense for gas after surviving a gas attack. The dog was given special orders to stay with the unit as its official mascot.ĭuring his 18-month tenure with the 102nd Infantry, Stubby became accustomed to the sound of rifles and artillery. The 102nd Infantry reached the French front lines in February 1918. He was won over by the dog's ability to salute and allowed Stubby to stay with the unit. Once in France, Conroy's commanding officer discovered Stubby. When Conroy's unit was sent to France, he smuggled Stubby aboard the ship. ![]() His antics had a very positive effect on morale, and he was even allowed to stay at the camp, although animals were forbidden. Stubby even performed a modified salute where he put his right paw over his eyebrow. While under the care of Conroy, the pup learned bugle calls and how to drill in formation. Robert Conroy, who named stubby after his short tail.Ĭonroy was at Yale training with the 102nd Infantry, 26th "Yankee" Division to deploy to Europe to fight in WWI. The puppy found his way to the care of Pvt. ![]() Stubby started in the fields of Yale University in 1917. But, Stubby wasn't a military working dog. Stubby became the most decorated war dog in WWI and the first dog to be given a rank by the U.S. He served in 17 battles and fought in four major allied offensives with Beale's 1st Reconnaissance Squadron, 12th RS and 99th RS, which provided air support. These heroes came from all walks of life one such hero happened to walk on all fours. During World War I, tales of sacrifice and heroism emerged from battlefield. The score by Patrick Doyle ( Rise of the Planet of the Apes) also hits the right emotional notes in the right places, especially during a closing sequence where the legend of Stubby finally becomes fact.BEALE AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. Animation, which was handled by Technicolor and Mikros Animation in Canada, convincingly pushes the realism factor, with the battle scenes and European backdrops extremely well-rendered. Indeed, Stubby hardly shies away from the tough realities of what was known as the War to End All Wars, and it feels both proficiently documented and generally credible, even if it’s hard to believe that a dog did everything you see happening on screen. ![]() Global Hotkey Manager to create hotkeys for any repetitive features.Audio Monitor/mix minus for removing audio from monitoring.Audio Mixer for greater control over all audio sources.Scroll or display text from a file, an RSS feed or simply typed live.Updated, streamlined User Interface with dynamic editing for streamlined access and more control.High resolution ISO recording & replay in Wirecast Pro 7 for preserving individual (isolated) sources.More powerful, streamlined production capabilities Graphical Output Statistics to see the health of the system (CPU/Memory usage) and the output stream (framerate, bitrate, and more).Improved CPU utilization for smoother, faster streams.GPU-Accelerated encoding for hardware encoding performance and less CPU usage. ![]() New Features in Wirecast Version 7: Wirecast Pro Free Download A Global Hotkey Management system speeds up any repetitive task by allowing users to create their own hotkeys. 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It’s why when you’re learning a new instrument, you first learn to play what others wrote before writing the next Grammy award-winning pop hit. Here’s a table Austin used in his book to illustrate his point: Good TheftĬopying what others have successfully done seeps into your writing – like a habit – good or bad – it’ll start finding its way into your work. We didn’t invent the English language, but we speak it.Īnd when we first learned to speak, we imitated our parents.Įventually, what starts coming out is your own voice and unique outlook. We learn by copying.įrom music to art to digital marketing, we learn by mimicking others. In the beginning, we learn by pretending to be our heroes. We don’t come out of the womb knowing who we are. In his book, Steal Like An Artist, Austin Kleon says nobody is born with a style or voice. You can learn a lot by studying those who came before you. Several benefits come from having a swipe file. These “hard copies” were called swipe files and professional marketers turned to them whenever they needed to find inspiration for their work. Swipe files help you find yours.īefore digitization, old-school copywriters would take news clippings, ads, and other marketing materials and store them in folders. Once you study enough, you find your own voice. Their examples can serve as your foundation when drafting your next piece. A swipe file presents you with a learning opportunity to study the success of other marketers. ![]() You can use swipe files to cure writer’s block, find new ideas, see what other marketers are doing, and hone your own copywriting skills. These can be writing samples from landing pages, Facebook ads, sales letters, or any other memorable piece of content for copywriters. What Is A Swipe File ?Ī swipe file is a collection of inspirational marketing materials. Don’t have one? Luckily, this post will show you how to create yours, along with organizational tips and helpful tools to guide your process. Need inspiration for your next writing session? Not a problem refer to your swipe files. When you buy through links on our site, we may earn a commission. If you are curious about this, please check out our detailed blog post on the most common barcode types and their uses. Those are still in widespread use, reflecting the continuing popularity of 1D barcodes.ĭifferent barcodes are also more or less suited for certain applications. One-dimensional symbologies, however, need just a simple, low-cost laser scanner. They can store thousands of characters each.īut why do we need so many different kinds of barcodes? Why are we still using one-dimensional barcodes at all, if two-dimensional codes can encode so much more data? The answer is that 2D codes can only be read with dedicated imager scanners or smartphones. In contrast, 2D barcodes, like the QR Code, consist of a grid of pixels that can have either an on (black) or off (white) state. 1D barcodes, like the EAN code, can only hold a minimal amount of data encoded by varying the widths of lines and the spaces between them – hence the name “linear” barcodes. Roughly, those can be divided into one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) standards. There are plenty of different barcode symbologies. Summary Covering countless use cases: Why do we need so many barcode formats? Finally, we will consider ease of integration and customer support.īut before we make this comparison and draw our conclusions, let's talk about the barcode scanner market, issues, and possible enterprise-grade solutions out there. In this article, we will compare popular barcode reader libraries and Scanbot's advanced Barcode Scanner SDK in terms of supported platforms and their capabilities to scan various types of barcodes. This shift has driven the development of a variety of high-performing open-source Software and SDK options designed for enterprise use cases. A recent technology trend replaces laser scanners with smartphones for both commercial and private use. And as usage expanded, of course, different types of barcode detectors have emerged over the past decades. Nowadays, we are used to seeing those symbologies in virtually every aspect of our everyday lives. It took almost twenty years after the invention of the first "bar code" for the technology to become commercially successful. |